Evaluation of The Performance of The Terboyo Retention Pond in Flood Control Using The Hec-Ras 2d Simulation Approach
Keywords:
flood control, HEC-RAS 2D, inundation, retention pond, urban flooding.Abstract
This study evaluated the performance of the Terboyo Retention Pond in controlling urban flooding using a HEC-RAS 2D rain-on-grid simulation under a 10-year return-period rainfall scenario. Two comparable scenarios, without and with the retention pond, were assessed using four indicators: peak inundation depth, inundated area, inundation duration, and recession time. The results showed that the pond reduced peak inundation depth from 0.489 m to 0.465 m, equivalent to 4.91% effectiveness. Inundation duration decreased from 32 to 29 hours, while recession time improved from 30 to 27 hours, representing effectiveness values of 9.38% and 10.00%, respectively. However, the inundated area slightly increased from 13.25 ha to 13.31 ha, producing an effectiveness value of −0.44%. These findings indicate that the retention pond provides measurable temporal and depth-related benefits but does not uniformly reduce flood extent. The limited performance is associated with hydraulic bottlenecks in inlet conveyance and pumping capacity. Therefore, improving inlet efficiency, pump performance, and drainage connectivity is essential to enhance flood-control effectiveness in the Terboyo area. This assessment demonstrates the importance of evaluating storage infrastructure as an integrated hydraulic system.
Downloads
References
Acheampong, J. N., Gyamfi, C., & Arthur, E. (2023). Impacts of retention basins on downstream flood peak attenuation in the Odaw River Basin, Ghana. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 47, 101364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101364
Agonafir, C., Lakhankar, T., Khanbilvardi, R., Krakauer, N., Radell, D., & Devineni, N. (2023). A review of recent advances in urban flood research. Water Security, 19, 100141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100141
Alipour, A., Jafarzadegan, K., & Moradkhani, H. (2022). Global sensitivity analysis in hydrodynamic modeling and flood inundation mapping. Environmental Modelling & Software, 152, 105398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2022.105398
Ansori, M. B., Lasminto, U., & Kartika, A. A. G. (2023). Reliability of runoff hydrograph model for extreme rainfall events using HEC-RAS 2D flow hydrodynamics rain-on-grid. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1276(1), 012034. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1276/1/012034
Arash, A. M., & Yasi, M. (2023). The assessment for selection and correction of RS-based DEMs and 1D and 2D HEC-RAS models for flood mapping in different river types. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 16(1), e12871. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12871
Arcement, G. J., & Schneider, V. R. (1989). Guide for selecting Manning’s roughness coefficients for natural channels and flood plains (U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2339). U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2339
Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana. (2023). Data bencana Indonesia 2023. Pusat Data, Informasi dan Komunikasi Kebencanaan, BNPB.
Brunner, P. H., & Rechberger, H. (2016). Handbook of material flow analysis: For environmental, resource, and waste engineers (2nd ed.). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315313450
Chow, V. T. (1959). Open-channel hydraulics. McGraw-Hill.
Ennouini, W., Fenocchi, A., Petaccia, G., Persi, E., & Sibilla, S. (2024). A complete methodology to assess hydraulic risk in small ungauged catchments based on HEC-RAS 2D Rain-On-Grid simulations. Natural Hazards, 120, 7381–7409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-024-06515-2
Fitriana, T., Gunawan, T. A., & Juliana, I. C. (2021). Evaluasi dan analisis kolam retensi pengendalian banjir: Studi kasus Kolam Retensi Brimob Kota Palembang. Cantilever: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Bidang Teknik Sipil, 9(2), 89–95. https://doi.org/10.35139/cantilever.v9i2.46
Guo, K., Guan, M., Yan, H., & Xia, X. (2023). A spatially distributed hydrodynamic model framework for urban flood hydrological and hydraulic processes involving drainage flow quantification. Journal of Hydrology, 625, 130135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.130135
Herath, M., Jayathilaka, T., Azamathulla, H. M., Mandala, V., Rathnayake, N., & Rathnayake, U. (2023). Sensitivity analysis of parameters affecting wetland water levels: A study of flood detention basin, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Sensors, 23(7), 3680. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23073680
Hosseinzadeh, A., Behzadian, K., Rossi, P., Karami, M., Ardeshir, A., & Torabi Haghighi, A. (2023). A new multi-criteria framework to identify optimal detention ponds in urban drainage systems. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 16(2), e12890. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12890
Karomah, M. A., Nugraha, A. L., & Wijaya, A. P. (2014). Analisis area luapan banjir akibat kenaikan debit air berbasis sistem informasi geografis (Studi kasus: DAS Banjir Kanal Timur Kota Semarang). Jurnal Geodesi Undip, 3(4), 231–243. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgundip.2014.6819
Khatooni, K., Hooshyaripor, F., MalekMohammadi, B., & Noori, R. (2025). A new approach for urban flood risk assessment using coupled SWMM–HEC-RAS-2D model. Journal of Environmental Management, 374, 123849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123849
Khoiri, A. H., Andawayanti, U., & Haribowo, R. (2022). Kajian efektivitas kolam retensi dalam mereduksi banjir Jalan Raya Porong Kabupaten Sidoarjo dengan Storm Water Management Model. Jurnal Teknologi dan Rekayasa Sumber Daya Air, 2(2), 142–155. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtresda.2022.002.02.12
Kodoatie, R. J., & Sjarief, R. (2010). Tata ruang air. Andi. DOI: Not available.
Li, X., Hou, J., Pan, Z., Li, B., Jing, J., & Shen, J. (2022). Responses of urban flood processes to local land use using a high-resolution numeric model. Urban Climate, 45, 101244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101244
Luo, P., Luo, M., Li, F., Qi, X., Huo, A., Wang, Z., He, B., Takara, K., Nover, D., & Wang, Y. (2022). Urban flood numerical simulation: Research, methods and future perspectives. Environmental Modelling & Software, 156, 105478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2022.105478
Mashuri, Mardika, M. G. I., & Sariyah, H. (2023). Study of 1-D (one dimensional) and 2-D (two dimensional) flood modelling using HEC-RAS 5.0.7 (Case study: Way Sulan River). Jurnal Infrastruktur, 9(1), 33–40.
Murphy, D., Weatherill, J., Henriques, R., Quishi, X., & Harrison, S. (2025). A holistic study on the effects of a rural flood detention basin: Flood peaks, water quality and grass growth. Journal of Environmental Management, 373, 123858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123858
Nando, T. (2024). Analisis potensi tinggi genangan air rob di Kota Semarang menggunakan aplikasi ArcGIS. G-SMART, 8(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.24167/gsmart.v8i1.10596
Nasri, D. A., Abdullah, M. N. A., & Suabuana, C. (2023). Analisis dampak sosial pembangunan Kolam Retensi Andir terhadap kehidupan masyarakat Kelurahan Andir. Ideas: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Budaya, 9(3), 701–712. https://doi.org/10.32884/ideas.v9i3.1335
Pujiastuti, R., Suripin, & Syafrudin. (2016). Pengaruh land subsidence terhadap genangan banjir dan rob di Semarang Timur. Media Komunikasi Teknik Sipil, 21(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v21i1.11225
Sim, S.-B., & Kim, H.-J. (2024). An urban flood model development coupling the 1D and 2D model with fixed-time synchronization. Water, 16(19), 2726. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16192726
Suripin. (2004). Sistem drainase perkotaan yang berkelanjutan. Andi.
Suryadinata P., I. G., Norken, I. N., & Sila Dharma, I. G. B. (2013). Evaluasi rencana kinerja kolam retensi (retarding basin) dalam upaya pengendalian banjir Tukad Mati di Kota Denpasar. Jurnal Spektran, 1(1), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.24843/SPEKTRAN.2013.v01.i01.p03
Taufiq, M., Anggreini, V., & Niam, M. F. (2022). Analisis skema pengendalian drainase banjir dan rob kawasan indutri Terboyo. Portal: Jurnal Teknik Sipil, 14(2), 105–109. https://doi.org/10.30811/portal.v14i2.3277
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Hydrologic Engineering Center. (2023). HEC-RAS river analysis system user’s manual (Version 6.4).
Vashist, K., & Singh, K. K. (2023). HEC-RAS 2D modeling for flood inundation mapping: A case study of the Krishna River Basin. Water Practice & Technology, 18(4), 831–844. https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2023.048
Xu, K., Han, Z., Xu, H., & Bin, L. (2023). Rapid prediction model for urban floods based on a Light Gradient Boosting Machine approach and hydrological–hydraulic model. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 14(1), 79–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13753-023-00465-2
Yan, Y., Zhang, H., Zhang, N., & Feng, C. (2024). Development of an integrated urban flood model and its application in a concave-down overpass area. Remote Sensing, 16(10), 1650. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16101650
Yu, H.-L., Chang, T.-J., Wang, C.-H., & Maa, S.-Y. (2024). A coupled river–overland (1D-2D) model for fluvial flooding assessment with cellular automata. Water, 16(18), 2703. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16182703
Zotou, I., Karamvasis, K., Karathanassi, V., & Tsihrintzis, V. A. (2022). Potential of two SAR-based flood mapping approaches in supporting an integrated 1D/2D HEC-RAS model. Water, 14(24), 4020. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14244020
