Publication Ethics

The journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of integrity, transparency, and ethical responsibility in scholarly publishing. It adheres to the principles and best practices recommended by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and expects all parties involved in the publication process—including authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher—to comply with these ethical standards at every stage of manuscript submission, peer review, and publication.

1. Responsibilities of Authors

Authors must ensure that all submitted manuscripts are original, accurately presented, and properly cited in accordance with established academic conventions. Any form of plagiarism, self-plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification, or redundant publication is strictly prohibited.

Research findings must be reported honestly and transparently, with sufficient detail to allow verification and scholarly evaluation. Authors are required to disclose any potential conflicts of interest—whether financial, institutional, or personal. Authorship should reflect significant intellectual contributions, and manuscripts must not be under consideration by or previously published in another journal at the time of submission.

2. Responsibilities of Editors

Editors are responsible for evaluating submitted manuscripts fairly, objectively, and in a timely manner, based solely on scholarly merit, originality, clarity, and relevance to the journal’s scope.

Editors must maintain the confidentiality of all submitted materials and ensure that manuscript-related information is shared only with individuals directly involved in the editorial and peer-review process. Editorial decisions must be free from discrimination, personal bias, or conflicts of interest, and must consistently uphold ethical principles that support academic integrity and responsible publishing.

3. Responsibilities of Reviewers

Reviewers are expected to conduct peer reviews objectively, constructively, and within the agreed timeframe to contribute to improving manuscript quality. Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents and must not be used for personal advantage.

Reviewers should identify and report any ethical concerns—including suspected plagiarism, redundant publication, unethical research practices, or undisclosed conflicts of interest—to the editors. Reviewers who feel unqualified to evaluate a manuscript or unable to provide an impartial assessment should promptly decline the review invitation.

4. Responsibilities of the Publisher

The publisher, in collaboration with the editorial board, is responsible for ensuring that all publication practices comply with ethical standards and COPE guidelines. This includes addressing ethical complaints, investigating allegations of academic misconduct, and implementing appropriate corrective actions, such as issuing corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern when necessary.

The publisher supports the editorial team in promoting transparency, accountability, and fairness throughout the editorial and publication process.