Analysis of The Effect of The Number And Depth of Bored Pile Groups on The Settlement of Building Foundations in Soft Soil
Keywords:
Bored pile, Pile depth, Pile group, Settlement, Soft soilAbstract
This study investigates the influence of bored pile group size and pile depth on the settlement of building foundations constructed on soft soil in the Pakunden area, Semarang City. The analysis considered bored piles with a diameter of 0.8 m, spacing of 2.4 m, group configurations of 2 × 2, 3 × 3, and 4 × 4 piles, and depths of 10 m, 16 m, and 24 m. Elastic settlement was evaluated using the Vesic analytical method, while consolidation and total settlement were analyzed numerically using PLAXIS 2D V22 with the Hardening Soil Model. The results indicate a nonlinear relationship between pile number, pile depth, and settlement. The smallest numerical settlement was 0.04107 m for the 3 × 3 group at 10 m depth, whereas the largest was 0.17625 m for the 4 × 4 group at 24 m depth. Increasing pile number or depth did not consistently reduce settlement. Foundation performance was controlled by soil stratification, load distribution, pile-group interaction, and the extent of compressible soil mobilized under loading. These findings support integrated analytical and numerical evaluation for design.
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