Evaluation of the Density of Class A Aggregate Foundation Layers Using the Sand Cone Method on the Taba Mulan–Simpang Nangka Road Improvement Project, Bengkulu Province
Keywords:
Class A Aggregate Base, Degree of Compaction, Modified Proctor, Road Preservation, Sand Cone Method.Abstract
The Class A aggregate base course is a critical structural component of flexible pavements because its compaction quality directly influences load distribution, structural stability, and pavement service life. This study evaluated the field compaction quality of the Class A aggregate base using the Sand Cone method on the Nakau–South Sumatra Provincial Border Road Preservation Project, specifically the Taba Mulan–Simpang Nangka section, Bengkulu Province. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed using field measurements obtained from ten representative testing locations. Field dry density values determined through the Sand Cone test were compared with the laboratory maximum dry density obtained from the Modified Proctor test (2.23 g/cm³) to calculate the Degree of Compaction (DoC), which was subsequently evaluated against the Bina Marga General Specifications. The measured compaction values ranged from 99.10% to 101.79%, with an average DoC of 100.49%. Eight testing locations (80%) satisfied the minimum requirement of 100% Modified Proctor, whereas two locations (20%) recorded values slightly below the specification. Variations in compaction performance were associated with moisture content, aggregate gradation, layer thickness, roller passes, weather conditions, and construction quality control. The findings confirm that the aggregate base generally complied with national technical standards while highlighting the importance of continuous field quality control to achieve uniform compaction throughout road preservation projects.
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References
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