Publication Ethics

The journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of integrity, transparency, and ethical responsibility in scholarly publishing. It follows the principles and best practices recommended by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and expects all parties involved in the publication process—including authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher—to comply with these ethical standards at every stage of manuscript submission, peer review, and publication.

1. Responsibilities of Authors

Authors must ensure that all submitted manuscripts are original, accurately presented, and properly cited according to established academic conventions. Any form of plagiarism, self-plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification, or redundant publication is strictly prohibited. Authors should present research findings honestly and transparently, provide sufficient detail for verification or scholarly evaluation, and disclose any potential conflicts of interest—financial, institutional, or personal. Authorship should reflect significant intellectual contributions, and manuscripts must not be under consideration or published elsewhere at the time of submission.

2. Responsibilities of Editors

Editors are responsible for evaluating manuscripts fairly, objectively, and promptly, based solely on scholarly merit, originality, clarity, and relevance to the journal’s focus. Editors must maintain confidentiality of all submitted materials and share information only with individuals directly involved in the editorial and peer-review process. Decisions must be free from discrimination, personal bias, or conflicts of interest and consistently uphold ethical principles supporting academic integrity and responsible publishing.

3. Responsibilities of Reviewers

Reviewers are expected to conduct peer reviews objectively, constructively, and within the agreed timeframe, contributing to the improvement of manuscript quality. Manuscripts must be treated as confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should report any ethical concerns—including suspected plagiarism, redundant publication, unethical research practices, or undisclosed conflicts of interest—to the editors. Reviewers who feel unqualified or unable to provide an impartial assessment should decline the review invitation promptly.

4. Responsibilities of the Publisher

The publisher, in collaboration with the editorial board, ensures that all publication practices comply with ethical standards and COPE guidelines. This includes addressing ethical complaints, investigating allegations of academic misconduct, and implementing appropriate corrective actions, such as issuing corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern. The publisher supports the editorial team in promoting transparency, accountability, and fairness throughout the editorial and publication process.