A Descriptive Analysis of Factors Related to Delirium Severity Among Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients
Keywords:
Delirium, Intensive care unit, Mechanical ventilation, Risk factors, Critical care nursingAbstract
Delirium is a clinically important complication among mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care and is associated with multiple demographic, neurological, physiological, pharmacological, and social factors. This descriptive observational study involved 100 mechanically ventilated ICU patients at RSU Islam Harapan Anda, Tegal City, and assessed age, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), oxygenation status, medication or sedation, and family support using observation, medical records, and the CAM-ICU. Most participants were aged over 75 years (43.0%), followed by 60–74 years (39.0%). Regarding consciousness, 49.0% had mild GCS impairment, 37.0% moderate impairment, and 14.0% severe impairment. Normal oxygenation was observed in 77.0% of patients, while 23.0% experienced hypoxia. Benzodiazepines were the most frequently used medication or sedation (30.0%), followed by opioids (28.0%), combination therapy (24.0%), and other categories. Good family support was reported in 65.0% of patients, whereas 35.0% received inadequate support. These findings indicate that delirium assessment in mechanically ventilated ICU patients should consider interacting clinical and social characteristics to support early detection, monitoring, and preventive nursing care. Routine multidimensional assessment may strengthen patient safety and improve the quality of critical care nursing practice.
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