Analysis of Factors Associated With the Occurrence of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women in the Mawar Ward of Dr. H. Soewondo General Hospital Kendal
Keywords:
preeclampsia, maternal risk factors, interpregnancy interval, antenatal care, pregnancyAbstract
Preeclampsia remains a major maternal health concern requiring early identification of interacting clinical and contextual risk factors. This cross-sectional study examined factors associated with preeclampsia among 83 pregnant women treated in the Mawar Ward of Dr. H. Soewondo General Hospital, Kendal. The independent variables were maternal age, previous preeclampsia, family medical history, obesity, interpregnancy interval, knowledge and attitudes, education, and socioeconomic status. Data were analyzed using univariate, Chi-square, and multivariable logistic regression procedures. All eight factors were significantly associated with preeclampsia severity (p = 0.001). Interpregnancy interval showed the largest Chi-square value (83.000), followed by knowledge and attitudes (79.039) and maternal age (75.242). The overall model was significant (Omnibus Chi-square = 114.085; p = 0.001), with Cox and Snell R² = 0.747 and Nagelkerke R² = 1.000. However, perfect separation occurred, making Exp(B) estimates unsuitable for identifying a definitive dominant factor. Comprehensive antenatal screening, maternal education, and timely referral are therefore essential for preventing progression to severe preeclampsia. Future studies should use larger, more heterogeneous samples and analytical methods robust to separation to obtain more reliable estimates of independent effects.
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