Relationship Between Body Mass Index and HbA1c Levels in Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
Keywords:
Body Mass Index, HbA1c, Nutritional Status, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, OutpatientsAbstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by impaired glycemic regulation, while nutritional status based on Body Mass Index (BMI) may influence glucose metabolism through mechanisms involving insulin resistance. This study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status based on BMI and HbA1c levels among outpatients with T2DM at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang. This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design and secondary data obtained from medical records. A total of 37 eligible subjects were selected using consecutive sampling. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses, with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test used to assess normality and Spearman’s correlation test used to examine the relationship between BMI and HbA1c levels. The findings showed that 2 subjects (5.4%) were underweight, 11 (29.7%) had normal BMI, 9 (24.3%) were overweight, and 15 (40.5%) were obese. The mean BMI was 25.62 ± 4.21 kg/m², while the mean HbA1c level was 9.60 ± 2.45%. Spearman’s correlation analysis demonstrated an extremely weak negative correlation between BMI and HbA1c levels (rs = −0.035), with no statistically significant relationship (p = 0.836). Thus, BMI was not significantly associated with HbA1c levels among outpatients with T2DM at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang.
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