The Effectiveness of Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation (MMS) in Reducing Anemia Among Pregnant Women at the Siwalan Community Health Center in Pekalongan Regency in 2026
Keywords:
Anemia, Hemoglobin, Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation, Pregnancy, Pregnant Women.Abstract
Anemia during pregnancy remains an important public health problem because it can increase the risk of maternal and fetal complications. Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation (MMS), which contains various vitamins and minerals involved in hemoglobin synthesis and erythropoiesis, represents an approach to improving maternal micronutrient status and reducing anemia. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of MMS administration in reducing anemia among pregnant women at Siwalan Community Health Center, Pekalongan Regency, in 2026. An empirical quantitative study was conducted using a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design involving 38 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Hemoglobin concentrations and anemia status were assessed before and after 30 days of MMS administration through routine antenatal care services. Data were analyzed using the paired t-test for changes in hemoglobin concentration and the McNemar test for changes in anemia status at a 95% confidence level. The proportion of anemic participants decreased from 17 women (44.7%) before intervention to 6 women (15.8%) after intervention, while mean hemoglobin concentration increased from 11.345 ± 1.134 g/dL to 12.268 ± 1.182 g/dL. The paired t-test demonstrated a statistically significant increase in hemoglobin concentration (p < 0.001), and the McNemar test indicated a significant change in anemia status (p = 0.001). MMS administration was associated with improved hemoglobin levels and reduced anemia among pregnant women. These findings support MMS implementation as part of integrated antenatal services while recognizing the need for controlled studies to strengthen causal inference.
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References
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