Relevant Cost Analysis in Decision-Making for Custom Orders: A Study of PT Wahana Interfood Nusantara Tbk

Abstract

This study evaluates the use of relevant cost analysis in special-order decisions at PT Wahana Interfood Nusantara Tbk, an Indonesian cocoa and chocolate manufacturer. A descriptive quantitative single-case documentary design was applied using the company's 2025 annual report and consolidated financial statements. A hypothetical order with a normal value of Rp10 billion and a 10% discount was assessed through cost classification, differential profit calculations, sensitivity testing, and capacity and financing opportunity cost analysis. Estimated relevant costs represented 86.88% of normal sales, yielding incremental profit of Rp312,040,680 at the discounted price. A conventional full-costing comparison instead indicated a loss of Rp768,577,959 because it included manufacturing overhead assumed unaffected by order acceptance. When half of miscellaneous overhead was treated as variable, the 10% discount generated a loss and the break-even discount declined to 9.31%. Financing opportunity costs reduced baseline net benefits to Rp71,039,069–Rp240,275,756, while the conservative combined scenarios lowered break-even discounts to 6.79%–8.56%. Order acceptance is financially defensible only when adequate idle capacity exists, negotiated prices cover incremental and opportunity costs, and protective payment terms constrain financing and credit exposure. The findings demonstrate how scenario-based cost classification improves the evaluation of custom orders, although actual transaction-level costs and capacity conditions remain unverified.